Area of Speciality
The differences between a counsellor, a psychotherapist and a psychologist can be confusing in the UK, where some therapists may use the terms interchangeably. To help clarify, here are some general rules and key differences between these three professionals.
Counsellors
A counsellor generally focuses on current issues and challenges, such as difficulties at work or home, a traumatic event, or increased stress levels. They will look at your immediate symptoms and behaviour and how it affects your life, rather than exploring your past. Counselling typically has a shorter duration, lasting anywhere from 6 sessions to a few months. It can be conducted individually, as a couple, or in groups. Common approaches to counselling include Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Couples Counselling, and Person-Centered Therapy.
Psychotherapists
A psychotherapist also provides a safe space to share thoughts and concerns and work towards managing challenging emotional patterns and habits. However, their approach is more in-depth, focusing on emotions and experiences from childhood and how they have shaped who you are today. Psychotherapy is a frequent and long-term process, lasting from 6 months to several years, allowing time and space to fully open up. A psychotherapist may also work with complex mental health conditions, such as PTSD and OCD, and may use counselling techniques as part of their treatment plan. Common forms of psychotherapy include Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Jungian Psychotherapy, and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy.
Psychologists
In the UK, psychologists are mental health professionals who have a doctoral degree in psychology, and are registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC). Having undergone several years of specialised training, a psychologist focuses on mental processes and behaviour, and can diagnose and treat mental health conditions. They may use a variety of techniques, including counselling and psychotherapy, to help individuals understand and change their thoughts, emotions, and behaviour.
Summary
When choosing between a counsellor, a psychotherapist, or a psychologist, it is important to consider your needs and preferences, as well as the qualifications and experience of the professional. It may also be helpful to ask about their approach and the expected duration of treatment.
